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TABLE 1-2:

Correlation of Complications With CD4 Cell Counts (see Arch Intern Med 1995;155:1537)
CD4 Cell
Count*		 Infectious Complications Noninfectious† Complications
>500/mm3
  • Acute retroviral syndrome
  • Candidal vaginitis
  • Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL)
  • Guillain-Barré syndrome
  • Myopathy
  • Aseptic meningitis
200-500/mm3
  • Pneumococcal and other bacterial pneumonia
  • Pulmonary tuberculosis
  • Herpes zoster
  • Oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush)
  • Cryptosporidiosis, self-limited
  • Kaposi’s sarcoma
  • Oral hairy leukoplakia
  • Cervical and anal dysplasia
  • Cervical and anal cancer
  • B-cell lymphoma
  • Anemia
  • Mononeuronal multiplex
  • Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis
<200/mm3
  • Pneumocystis pneumonia ‡
  • Disseminated histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis
  • Miliary/extrapulmonary TB
  • Progressive multifocal leuko -
    encephalopathy (PML)
  • Wasting
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • HIV-associated dementia
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Vacuolar myelopathy
  • Progressive polyradiculopathy
  • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
<100/mm3
  • Disseminated herpes simplex
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Cryptococcosis
  • Cryptosporidiosis, chronic
  • Microsporidiosis
  • Candidal esophagitis
  
<50/mm3
  • Disseminated cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  • Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex
  • Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)

* Most complications occur with increasing frequency at lower CD4 cell counts.

† Some conditions listed as “noninfectious” are associated with transmissible microbes. Examples include lymphoma (Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]) and anal and cervical cancers (human papillomavirus [HPV]).
2007 © John G. Bartlett, M.D. All rights reserved.3

Chapter 1: Natural History and Classification

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